A balanced diet for toddlers

Your toddler’s development

As your baby advances from infant to toddler, this is a period of intense physical and mental development, as your toddler’s brain gets ready for the challenge of more developed walking and talking. So to ensure the healthiest growth and development for them, a balanced diet is essential.

Why your toddler’s diet is different to yours

A balanced diet for a toddler is very different to ours (see our diagram below). Their nutritional needs differ, and these differences need to be taken account of when planning your toddler’s meals:

Sugar and salt - Toddlers should actually have less than 2g of salt per day – that’s about 1/3rd of an adult's maximum daily allowance. That’s why it’s so important not to add salt to any baby food you prepare yourself. Some adult foods are not suitable for toddlers because they’re too high in salt or sugar (two average digestive biscuits contain over 1/5th of your toddler’s daily allowance). Foods that contain natural sugar like fruit, vegetables, and milk are fine, but avoid foods that contain added sugar.

Portion sizes - Your toddler's tummy is also at least 5 times smaller than yours. That's why they need to eat small amounts of energy and nutrient rich foods frequently throughout the day. To get the right balance of energy and nutrients, your toddler tends to need three small balanced meals a day with regular nutritious snacks in-between.

Energy and nutrient needs- Toddlers are not mini-adults, they need a diet relatively high in fat and low in fibre.Although fibre is a good thing, it's very filling and so too much of it may mean your toddler doesn't get all the energy and nutrients they need. Different foods have different nutrients so ensuring your toddler eats a wide variety of food is important to give them a balanced diet, as well as for their healthy growth and development.

Milk – Milk is still a vital part of your toddler’s diet, providing fat, energy, protein, vitamins and minerals such as calcium, and they’ll need about 600ml / a pint a day. Cow & Gate Growing Up Milk contains 28 essential nutrients for growing toddlers, including vitamin D and iron. It is suitable from 12 months to 3 years and helps to complement your toddler's diet.

So what is a ‘balanced’ toddler diet?

A balanced diet for a toddler is made up of a combination of the following:

Starchy foods

Examples include bread, pancakes, savoury muffins, cereals and potatoes. Try to offer your toddler a mixture of wholegrain and white varieties. Starchy foods should be offered at every meal and can be offered as a snack too.

Fruit and vegetables

Examples include carrots, bananas and tomatoes. Try and offer a range of different coloured fruit and vegetables as they all contain different nutrients. Try to include some at each meal and offer them as snacks, but remember a toddler’s serving is smaller than an adult’s. Did you know, the Cow & Gate Baby Balance range has 23 different vegetables in its recipes, more than any other baby brand. 

Milk, cheese and yogurt

Milk should be part of your toddler’s diet every day but be sure to include other calcium-rich dairy food too. Your toddler should be having three portions of dairy food per day, which can include snacks.

Meat, fish and alternatives

Examples include meat, fish, eggs and pulses. This food group provides your toddler with essential iron and omega-3 fats. They should have two servings a day. Vegetarians should have three servings and team it with a food or drink high in vitamin C to help absorb the iron.

Foods high in fat and sugar

Examples of foods high in fat and sugar are oils, butter, cakes and biscuits. Fats and sugar provide lots of energy which is what your toddler needs but they contain only small amounts of vitamins and minerals. So these may be included in your toddler’s diet, but make sure they are given as an extra and do not use them to replace one of the other food groups. Why not try some of our healthy Cow & Gate Baby Balance animal friend biscuits which contain over half your toddler’s daily requirement of Vitamin B₁ (which releases the locked up energy in carbohydrates) to help keep your toddler going!

Food safety and foods to avoid

Some foods need extra attention when preparing them, whereas others are best avoided, full stop.

• Salt should be avoided; keep it to a minimum when cooking and instead use herbs and spices to season. Remember to check the salt content in pre-prepared food, too.
• Artificial flavourings, colourings, preservatives and sweeteners should be avoided. These are not allowed to be added to manufactured baby and toddler foods but can be present in some adult foods such as diet drinks and juices. Certain additives have been linked to behavioral problems in children so if you feed you toddler adult foods then make sure you check the label. 
• Eggs and shellfish can cause food poisoning if not cooked properly, so always make sure they’re well cooked.
• Nuts are an excellent source of some nutrients however if there is family history of allergy it's best to avoid them until after 3 years. Whole or chopped nuts should be avoided until 5 years as they are a choking hazard. However, ground nuts/peanuts butter are fine.